There’s no single cause of heart disease in dogs. Aging, obesity, breed, dental disease and nutrition can all play a role. Heart valve problems are the most common heart problem that we see and typically affects small breed dogs that are five years or older.
Aging
Pets tend to develop more problems as they get older just like humans do. As they age, they become less active and lose muscle. The heart is a muscle too, so keep your pet active if they are able. Older pets may also have higher blood pressure because of decreased artery elasticity. Exercise helps keep him fit and healthy, lowering blood pressure and strengthening muscles.
Obesity
An overweight pet puts more stress on the heart. Keep them in good body condition.
Genetics/Breed
Some breeds are known to develop certain types of heart diseases at a younger age than others. For example, Boxers and Dobermans tend to develop cardiomyopathy (a type of heart disease) earlier than most other breeds. Whereas, Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease often affects small breeds such as Cavalier King Charles, Dachshunds, and Miniature and Toy Poodles.
Dental Disease
The bacteria that are found within the mouth of pets with dental disease are the same bacteria that are often implicated in heart disease. These bacteria are associated with both endocarditis (inflammation/infection of the interior of the heart) and valvular disease in dogs and cats. Additionally, the presence of periodontal disease has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease in dogs.
Nutrition
High-fat diets contribute to the onset of heart diseases by leading to obesity. Grain-free diets have been associated with cardiomyopathy in dogs, which is a condition that causes the heart muscle to become weak and unable to function correctly. In addition, high sodium levels in the canine’s diet can also lead to high blood pressure, another critical factor in developing cardiovascular issues. Avoid all of these things by feeding a well-balanced diet made by a reputable manufacturer. Ask your veterinarian if you would like a recommendation.
There is no surefire way to prevent heart disease in dogs, especially since several common types are inherited. But you can take steps to help your dog live a healthy life by feeding your pet a healthy diet, exercising regularly, brushing their teeth daily, giving heartworm prevention monthly, and being educated in the signs of heart disease.